Biodiversity Net Gain Update: August 2023

What You Need to Know

Biodiversity Net Gain (BNG) is an important issue that has been gaining traction in the UK. The government has recently finalised its BNG policy, which will become law in November 2023. Here's what you need to know about the latest developments in BNG:

Digital Service

The government is preparing to introduce a new BNG digital service to help developers and local authorities implement BNG more effectively. The digital service will provide a platform for developers to submit BNG gain plans and for local authorities to review and approve them. The service is expected to launch in November 2023, alongside the new BNG policy

Monitoring and Management

The government has emphasised the importance of monitoring and management of BNG sites to ensure the long-term sustainability of biodiversity enhancements. The government is working on developing guidance on monitoring and management, which will be published in due course

Collaboration

Collaboration between developers, local authorities, and other stakeholders is crucial for the successful implementation of BNG. The government has highlighted the role of local authorities in implementing BNG and the importance of collaboration between developers, local authorities, and other stakeholders

What BNG is and Who it Affects

BNG is a way to contribute to the recovery of nature while developing land. It is making sure the habitat for wildlife is in a better state than it was before development

BNG will apply to land managers, developers, and local planning authorities (LPAs)

LPAs will have to approve a biodiversity net gain plan for developments in the Town and Country Planning Act 1990, unless exempt

Overall, BNG is an important issue that requires careful management and collaboration between developers, local authorities, and other stakeholders to ensure the long-term sustainability of biodiversity enhancements. The latest developments in BNG include webinars, a new digital service, and guidance on monitoring and management. It is important for developers and local authorities to stay up-to-date with the latest information and guidance on BNG to ensure its successful implementation.

Anthropogenic pressure and its effect on Biodiversity.

Anthropogenic pressure refers to the impact of human activities on the environment, including biodiversity loss. In the UK, human activities such as agriculture, urbanisation, pollution, and climate change have led to significant anthropogenic pressure on biodiversity.

One of the major effects of anthropogenic pressure on biodiversity in the UK is the loss of habitats. The destruction and fragmentation of natural habitats due to land-use change, such as agriculture and urbanisation, have resulted in the decline of many species, including birds, mammals, and insects. For example, the loss of hedgerows and meadows has contributed to the decline in populations of species such as the hedgehog and skylark.

Anthropogenic pressure has also resulted in pollution, which can have direct and indirect impacts on biodiversity. Air pollution, for example, can cause respiratory problems in wildlife, and water pollution can affect aquatic ecosystems and the species that depend on them.

Additionally, climate change, which is largely caused by anthropogenic activities, is also having a significant impact on biodiversity in the UK. Changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, and sea levels are affecting the distribution and behaviour of species, with some species struggling to adapt to the changing conditions.

Overall, anthropogenic pressure on biodiversity in the UK is a major concern, with many species facing extinction due to the impact of human activities. To address this issue, conservation efforts are necessary to protect habitats, reduce pollution, and mitigate the effects of climate change

Why is the UK in the bottom 10% for biodiversity?

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on earth, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as their interactions and ecosystems. The UK is a beautiful country with diverse landscapes, from the highlands of Scotland to the rolling hills of the English countryside, and yet it is in the bottom 10% for biodiversity globally. So, why is this the case?

Historical land use

One reason for the low level of biodiversity in the UK is historical land use. For centuries, the UK has been heavily populated and farmed, leading to the destruction of natural habitats and a loss of biodiversity. In particular, the intensification of farming practices in the 20th century has had a significant impact on the UK's wildlife, with many species declining in numbers or disappearing altogether.

Climate change

Another factor contributing to the decline in biodiversity in the UK is climate change. Rising temperatures and changing weather patterns are affecting the distribution of species and their ability to survive in their natural habitats. For example, many bird species are migrating further north in search of cooler temperatures, while some plants are flowering earlier in the year, which can disrupt the timing of pollination and affect food availability for other species.

Invasive species

Invasive species are another threat to biodiversity in the UK. These are non-native species that have been introduced to the country, either intentionally or accidentally, and can outcompete native species for resources, disrupt ecosystems, and spread diseases. Examples of invasive species in the UK include Japanese knotweed, grey squirrels, and signal crayfish.

Urbanisation and development

Urbanisation and development are also major contributors to the loss of biodiversity in the UK. As cities and towns expand, natural habitats are destroyed, and wildlife is forced to adapt to urban environments or disappear altogether. Even small-scale developments, such as the construction of new housing or industrial units, can have a significant impact on local ecosystems.

Pollution

Pollution is another threat to biodiversity in the UK. Air pollution, for example, can damage plants and animals, reduce the quality of soil and water, and have a significant impact on the health of humans and wildlife. Plastic pollution, in particular, is a major problem in the UK, with millions of tonnes of plastic waste entering the environment every year.

Conservation efforts

Despite these challenges, there is hope for the UK's biodiversity. The government and conservation organisations are working to protect and restore natural habitats, reintroduce native species, and promote sustainable land use practices. For example, the UK has created a network of protected areas, including national parks and nature reserves, to safeguard important habitats and species. Conservation efforts have also led to the reintroduction of species such as the red kite and beaver.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the UK's low level of biodiversity is the result of a combination of historical land use, climate change, invasive species, urbanisation and development, and pollution. However, there are positive steps being taken to protect and restore the country's natural heritage, and with continued effort and investment, the UK's biodiversity can recover and thrive.